E.T. - O Extraterrestre - De carona no cinema

Veja dicas de outros filmes que tenham participações relevantes de bebês e crianças ali no cantinho esquerdo do blog.Saiba mais sobre o projeto, aqui.

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E.T. não foi um filme que marcou minha infância. Caso eu tenha assistido, não me lembro de quase nada. Mas sua importância no cinema é tão grande que achei válido sugeri-lo aqui no blog.

Neste processo de pesquisa de informações, li coisas tão legais que me deixaram com vontade de entrar nesse mundo mágico criado por Steven Spielberg.

 

Título original: E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial

Relançamento: 29 de março de 2002 - Director’s Cut
Lançamento: 25 de dezembro de 1982 (1h 55min)
Dirigido por Steven Spielberg
Gênero: Ficção científica, Família, Aventura
Nacionalidade: EUA
Duração: 115 min

Sinopse:

Um garoto faz amizade com um ser de outro planeta, que ficou sozinho na Terra, protegendo-o de todas as formas para evitar que ele seja capturado e transformado em cobaia. Gradativamente, surge entre os dois uma forte amizade.

Elenco

Dee Wallace  ... Mary

Henry Thomas  ... Elliott
Peter Coyote ... Keys
Robert MacNaughton ... Michael
Drew Barrymore ... Gertie
K.C. Martel ... Greg
Sean Frye ... Steve
C. Thomas Howell ... Tyler (as Tom Howell)
Erika Eleniak ... Pretty Girl
David M. O'Dell ... Schoolboy (as David O'Dell)
Richard Swingler ... Science Teacher
Frank Toth ... Policeman
Robert Barton ... Ultra Sound Man
Michael Darrell ... Van Man
David Berkson ... Medical Unit (as David Berkson M.D.)

Curiosidades

At the auditions, Henry Thomas thought about the day his dog died to express sadness. Director Steven Spielberg cried, and hired him on the spot.

ET's face was modeled after poet Carl Sandburg, Albert Einstein and a pug dog.

ET's communicator actually worked, and was constructed by Henry Feinberg, an expert in science and technology interpretation for the public.

Steven Spielberg shot most of the film from the eye-level of a child to further connect with Elliot and E.T.

Steven Spielberg personally screened his film at the White House for Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis.

When the film was released on video in the U.S., the cassette was made from green plastic as a measure to confound video pirates. By December 31st 1988, it had sold 15 million.

When it was test-screened at the Cannes Film Festival as an unofficial entry, it brought the house down, receiving a standing ovation that had eluded most of the official entries.

E.T. riding in the basket on Elliot's bicycle flying in front of the moon has become the trademark image of Amblin Entertainment.

The late Michael Jackson owned one of the E.T. puppets.

The script was largely written whilst on location filming for Raiders of the Lost Ark during filming breaks. Steven Spielberg dictated the story to screenwriter Melissa Mathison who was there with her then-boyfriend and future husband Harrison Ford.

Steven Spielberg is reported to have spent $100,000 digitally removing guns from the 20th Anniversary re-release of the movie in 2002. He regretted using the scene and said he would remove it if he ever re-issued the film.

Almost 10% of the $10.5 million budget went on the alien creature puppets and related animatronics.

Elliot's last name is never mentioned.

With the exception of Elliot's mom, no adults' faces are shown until the last half of the film.

This script was being developed at Columbia at the same time as another script about an alien visitation. The studio did not want to make both, so the head of the studio had to choose which film to make; he decided to let ET go and make Starman. ET was then made by Universal Pictures.

Steven Spielberg stated in an interview that E.T. was a plant-like creature, and neither male or female.

Debra Winger not only provided the temp voice for E.T. but also played one of the ghouls in the Halloween sequence. She is wearing a monster mask and a lab coat and carries a poodle.

Was voted the 20th Greatest Film of all time by Entertainment Weekly.

The gag where the mother looks in the closet and sees the alien surrounded by toys was dreamed up by Robert Zemeckis.

Steven Spielberg's original concept was for a much darker movie in which a family was terrorized in their house by aliens. When Spielberg decided to go with a more benevolent alien, the family-in-jeopardy concept was recycled as Poltergeist.

At the 20th anniversary re-release premier, John Williams conducted a live orchestra as the film played, much like an orchestra would do for a stage musical.

James Taylor wrote a song intended for use in the movie called "Song For You Far Away". The song was ultimately not used in the movie. However, it was eventually recorded in 1985 for release on his 'That's Why I'm Here' album.

Was the highest-grossing movie of all time worldwide until Spielberg's Jurassic Park was released. Adjusted for inflation today, it's still the fourth highest-grossing movie of all time.

Voted number 1 in Channel 4's (UK) "Greatest Family Films"

Though many have suggested that the film contains elements of Christian allegory, director Steven Spielberg says any parallels are strictly coincidental. Furthermore, Spielberg adds that if he ever made a Christian allegory, his mother, a devout Jew would probably never forgive him.

Foley Artist John Roesch said he used a wet T-shirt crammed with jello to simulate the noise of E.T.'s waddling walk.

Steven Spielberg worked simultaneously on both this film and Poltergeist in 1982 (which was directed by Tobe Hooper but produced by Spielberg), and both were made to complement each other. "E.T." represented suburban dreams, and "Poltergeist" represented suburban nightmares.

The working title for the film was "A Boy's Life". It was changed during production.

The end of the film was one of the most significant musical experiences for composer 'John Williams (I)'. After several attempts were made to match the score to the film, Steven Spielberg took the film off the screen and encouraged Williams to conduct the orchestra the way he would at a concert. He did, and Spielberg slightly re-edited the film to match the music, which is unusual since normally the music would be edited to match the film. The result was Williams winning the 1982 Academy Award for Best Original Score.

E.T.'s voice was provided by Pat Welsh, an elderly woman who lived in Marin County, California. Welsh smoked two packets of cigarettes a day, which gave her voice a quality that sound effects creator Ben Burtt liked. She spent nine-and-a-half hours recording her part, and was paid $380 by Burtt for her services. Burtt also recorded 16 other people and various animals to create E.T.'s "voice". These included Spielberg; Debra Winger; Burtt's sleeping wife, who had a cold; a burp from his USC film professor; as well as raccoons, sea otters and horses.

The young actors (Henry Thomas, Drew Barrymore, and Robert MacNaughton) found the ET puppet's eyes too far apart to comfortably look ET in the eye when they had to act with it. The actors solved the problem themselves by selecting a single eye to look at for every scene.

Most of the full-body puppetry was performed by a 2' 10 tall stuntman, but the scenes in the kitchen were done using a 10-year old boy who was born without legs but was an expert on walking on his hands.

John Sayles wrote a semi-sequel to Close Encounters of the Third Kind called 'Night  

The filmmakers had requested that M&M's be used to lure E.T., instead of Reese's Pieces. The Mars company had denied their request and so Reese's Pieces were used instead. As a direct result, Reese's Pieces sales skyrocketed. Because of this, more and more companies began requesting that their products be used in movies. Thus, product placement was born.

Harrison Ford was initially intended to have a cameo role in the film as Elliot's school headmaster, but the scene was cut.

For the re-release Steven Spielberg had all the guns removed from the film because he did not like having guns around kids, and believed that there was already too much gun violence in the world.

The doctors and nurses that work on E.T. are all real emergency room technicians. They were told to treat E.T. the same way they would treat a real patient so that their dialogue and actions would seem real.

At one point during filming, 'Drew Barrymore' was consistently forgetting her lines, annoying Steven Spielberg to the point where he actually yelled at her. He later found out that she had reported to work with a very high fever. Feeling guilty, he hugged her and apologized repeatedly as she cried and cried. He then sent her home - with a note from her director.

Steven Spielberg shot the film in chronological order to invoke a real response from the actors (mainly the children) when E.T. departed at the end. All emotional responses from that last scene are real.

Prêmios

 
OSCAR
Ganhou
Melhor Trilha Sonora
Melhor Som
Melhores Efeitos Especiais
Melhores Efeitos Sonoros

Indicações

Melhor Filme
Melhor Diretor - Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro Original
Melhor Fotografia
Melhor Edição

GLOBO DE OURO

Ganhou
Melhor Filme - Drama
Melhor Trilha Sonora
 
Indicações
Melhor Diretor - Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro
Melhor Revelação Masculina - Henry Thomas

BAFTA

Ganhou
Melhor Trilha Sonora

Indicações

Melhor Filme
Melhor Diretor - Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro
Melhor Revelação - Henry Thomas e Drew Barrymore
Melhor Fotografia
Melhor Direção de Arte
Melhor Maquiagem
Melhor Som
Melhores Efeitos Especiais
Melhor Edição

CÉSAR

Indicação
Melhor Filme Estrangeiro

GRAMMY
Ganhou
Melhor Trilha Sonora - Cinema

Referências:

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083866/
http://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/filme-29718/