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E.T. não foi um
filme que marcou minha infância. Caso eu tenha assistido, não me lembro de
quase nada. Mas sua importância no cinema é tão grande que achei válido sugeri-lo
aqui no blog.
Neste processo de
pesquisa de informações, li coisas tão legais que me deixaram com vontade de
entrar nesse mundo mágico criado por Steven Spielberg.
Título original: E.T.
The Extra-Terrestrial
Relançamento: 29 de março de 2002 - Director’s
Cut
Lançamento: 25 de dezembro de 1982 (1h 55min)
Dirigido por Steven Spielberg
Gênero: Ficção científica, Família, Aventura
Nacionalidade: EUA
Duração: 115 min
Sinopse:
Um garoto faz
amizade com um ser de outro planeta, que ficou sozinho na Terra, protegendo-o
de todas as formas para evitar que ele seja capturado e transformado em cobaia.
Gradativamente, surge entre os dois uma forte amizade.
Elenco
Dee Wallace ... Mary
Henry Thomas ... Elliott
Peter Coyote ... Keys
Robert MacNaughton ... Michael
Drew Barrymore ... Gertie
K.C. Martel ... Greg
Sean Frye ... Steve
C. Thomas Howell ... Tyler (as Tom Howell)
Erika Eleniak ... Pretty Girl
David M. O'Dell ... Schoolboy (as David O'Dell)
Richard Swingler ... Science Teacher
Frank Toth ... Policeman
Robert Barton ... Ultra Sound Man
Michael Darrell ... Van Man
David Berkson ... Medical Unit (as David Berkson
M.D.)
Curiosidades
At the auditions, Henry Thomas thought about the
day his dog died to express sadness. Director Steven Spielberg cried, and hired
him on the spot.
ET's face was modeled after poet Carl Sandburg,
Albert Einstein and a pug dog.
ET's communicator actually worked, and was
constructed by Henry Feinberg, an expert in science and technology
interpretation for the public.
Steven Spielberg shot most of the film from the
eye-level of a child to further connect with Elliot and E.T.
Steven Spielberg personally screened his film at
the White House for Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis.
When the film was released on video in the U.S.,
the cassette was made from green plastic as a measure to confound video
pirates. By December 31st 1988, it had sold 15 million.
When it was test-screened at the Cannes Film
Festival as an unofficial entry, it brought the house down, receiving a
standing ovation that had eluded most of the official entries.
E.T. riding in the basket on Elliot's bicycle
flying in front of the moon has become the trademark image of Amblin
Entertainment.
The late Michael Jackson owned one of the E.T.
puppets.
The script was largely written whilst on
location filming for Raiders of the Lost Ark during filming breaks. Steven
Spielberg dictated the story to screenwriter Melissa Mathison who was there
with her then-boyfriend and future husband Harrison Ford.
Steven Spielberg is reported to have spent
$100,000 digitally removing guns from the 20th Anniversary re-release of the
movie in 2002. He regretted using the scene and said he would remove it if he
ever re-issued the film.
Almost 10% of the $10.5 million budget went on
the alien creature puppets and related animatronics.
Elliot's last name is never mentioned.
With the exception of Elliot's mom, no adults'
faces are shown until the last half of the film.
This script was being developed at Columbia at
the same time as another script about an alien visitation. The studio did not
want to make both, so the head of the studio had to choose which film to make;
he decided to let ET go and make Starman. ET was then made by Universal
Pictures.
Steven Spielberg stated in an interview that
E.T. was a plant-like creature, and neither male or female.
Debra Winger not only provided the temp voice
for E.T. but also played one of the ghouls in the Halloween sequence. She is
wearing a monster mask and a lab coat and carries a poodle.
Was voted the 20th Greatest Film of all time by
Entertainment Weekly.
The gag where the mother looks in the closet and
sees the alien surrounded by toys was dreamed up by Robert Zemeckis.
Steven Spielberg's original concept was for a much
darker movie in which a family was terrorized in their house by aliens. When
Spielberg decided to go with a more benevolent alien, the family-in-jeopardy
concept was recycled as Poltergeist.
At the 20th anniversary re-release premier, John
Williams conducted a live orchestra as the film played, much like an orchestra
would do for a stage musical.
James Taylor wrote a song intended for use in
the movie called "Song For You Far Away". The song was ultimately not
used in the movie. However, it was eventually recorded in 1985 for release on
his 'That's Why I'm Here' album.
Was the highest-grossing movie of all time
worldwide until Spielberg's Jurassic Park was released. Adjusted for inflation
today, it's still the fourth highest-grossing movie of all time.
Voted number 1 in Channel 4's (UK)
"Greatest Family Films"
Though many have suggested that the film
contains elements of Christian allegory, director Steven Spielberg says any
parallels are strictly coincidental. Furthermore, Spielberg adds that if he
ever made a Christian allegory, his mother, a devout Jew would probably never
forgive him.
Foley Artist John Roesch said he used a wet
T-shirt crammed with jello to simulate the noise of E.T.'s waddling walk.
Steven Spielberg worked simultaneously on both
this film and Poltergeist in 1982 (which was directed by Tobe Hooper but
produced by Spielberg), and both were made to complement each other.
"E.T." represented suburban dreams, and "Poltergeist"
represented suburban nightmares.
The working title for the film was "A Boy's
Life". It was changed during production.
The end of the film was one of the most
significant musical experiences for composer 'John Williams (I)'. After several
attempts were made to match the score to the film, Steven Spielberg took the
film off the screen and encouraged Williams to conduct the orchestra the way he
would at a concert. He did, and Spielberg slightly re-edited the film to match
the music, which is unusual since normally the music would be edited to match
the film. The result was Williams winning the 1982 Academy Award for Best
Original Score.
E.T.'s voice was provided by Pat Welsh, an
elderly woman who lived in Marin County, California. Welsh smoked two packets
of cigarettes a day, which gave her voice a quality that sound effects creator
Ben Burtt liked. She spent nine-and-a-half hours recording her part, and was
paid $380 by Burtt for her services. Burtt also recorded 16 other people and
various animals to create E.T.'s "voice". These included Spielberg;
Debra Winger; Burtt's sleeping wife, who had a cold; a burp from his USC film professor;
as well as raccoons, sea otters and horses.
The young actors (Henry Thomas, Drew Barrymore,
and Robert MacNaughton) found the ET puppet's eyes too far apart to comfortably
look ET in the eye when they had to act with it. The actors solved the problem
themselves by selecting a single eye to look at for every scene.
Most of the full-body puppetry was performed by
a 2' 10 tall stuntman, but the scenes in the kitchen were done using a 10-year
old boy who was born without legs but was an expert on walking on his hands.
John Sayles wrote a semi-sequel to Close
Encounters of the Third Kind called 'Night
The filmmakers had requested that M&M's be
used to lure E.T., instead of Reese's Pieces. The Mars company had denied their
request and so Reese's Pieces were used instead. As a direct result, Reese's
Pieces sales skyrocketed. Because of this, more and more companies began
requesting that their products be used in movies. Thus, product placement was
born.
Harrison Ford was initially intended to have a
cameo role in the film as Elliot's school headmaster, but the scene was cut.
For the re-release Steven Spielberg had all the
guns removed from the film because he did not like having guns around kids, and
believed that there was already too much gun violence in the world.
The doctors and nurses that work on E.T. are all
real emergency room technicians. They were told to treat E.T. the same way they
would treat a real patient so that their dialogue and actions would seem real.
At one point during filming, 'Drew Barrymore'
was consistently forgetting her lines, annoying Steven Spielberg to the point
where he actually yelled at her. He later found out that she had reported to
work with a very high fever. Feeling guilty, he hugged her and apologized
repeatedly as she cried and cried. He then sent her home - with a note from her
director.
Steven Spielberg shot the film in chronological
order to invoke a real response from the actors (mainly the children) when E.T.
departed at the end. All emotional responses from that last scene are real.
Prêmios
OSCAR
Ganhou
Melhor Trilha
Sonora
Melhor Som
Melhores Efeitos
Especiais
Melhores Efeitos
Sonoros
Indicações
Melhor Filme
Melhor Diretor -
Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro
Original
Melhor Fotografia
Melhor Edição
GLOBO DE OURO
Ganhou
Melhor Filme -
Drama
Melhor Trilha
Sonora
Indicações
Melhor Diretor -
Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro
Melhor Revelação
Masculina - Henry Thomas
BAFTA
Ganhou
Melhor Trilha
Sonora
Indicações
Melhor Filme
Melhor Diretor -
Steven Spielberg
Melhor Roteiro
Melhor Revelação -
Henry Thomas e Drew Barrymore
Melhor Fotografia
Melhor Direção de
Arte
Melhor Maquiagem
Melhor Som
Melhores Efeitos
Especiais
Melhor Edição
CÉSAR
Indicação
Melhor Filme
Estrangeiro
GRAMMY
Ganhou
Melhor Trilha
Sonora - Cinema
Referências:
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083866/
http://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/filme-29718/
